Another Word For It Patrick Durusau on Topic Maps and Semantic Diversity

January 7, 2013

European Commission’s Low Attack on Open Source [TMs and Transparency]

Filed under: EU,Open Source,Topic Maps,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 7:22 am

European Commission’s Low Attack on Open Source by Glyn Moody.

From the post:

If ACTA was the biggest global story of 2012, more locally there’s no doubt that the UK government’s consultation on open standards was the key event. As readers will remember, this was the final stage in a long-running saga with many twists and turns, mostly brought about by some uncricket-like behaviour by proprietary software companies who dread a truly level playing-field for government software procurement.

Justice prevailed in that particular battle, with open standards being defined as those with any claimed patents being made available on a royalty-free basis. But of course these things are never that simple. While the UK has seen the light, the EU has actually gone backwards on open standards in recent times.

Again, as long-suffering readers may recall, the original European Interoperability Framework also required royalty-free licensing, but what was doubtless a pretty intense wave of lobbying in Brussels overturned that, and EIF v2 ended up pushing FRAND, which effectively locks out open source – the whole point of the exercise.

Shamefully, some parts of the European Commission are still attacking open source, as I revealed a couple of months ago when Simon Phipps spotted a strange little conference with the giveaway title of “Implementing FRAND standards in Open Source: Business as usual or mission impossible?”

The plan was pretty transparent: organise something in the shadows, so that the open source world would be caught hopping. The fact that I only heard about it a few weeks beforehand, when I spend most of my waking hours scouting out information on the open source world, open standards and Europe, reading thousands of posts and tweets a week, shows how quiet the Commission kept about this.

This secrecy allowed the organisers to cherry pick participants to tilt the discussion in favour of software patents in Europe (which shouldn’t even exist, of course, according to the European Patent Convention), FRAND supporters and proprietary software companies, even though the latter are overwhelmingly American (so much for loyalty to the European ideal.) The plan was clearly to produce the desired result that open source was perfectly compatible with FRAND, because enough people at this conference said so.

But the “EU” hasn’t “gone backwards” on open standards. Organizations, as juridical entities, can’t go backwards or forwards on any topic. Officers, members, representatives of organizations, that is a different matter.

That is where topic maps could help bring transparency to a process such as the opposition to open source software.

For example, it is not:

  • “some parts of the European Commission” but named individuals with photographs and locations
  • “the organizers” but named individuals with specified relationships to commercial software vendors
  • “enough people at this conference” but paid representatives of software vendors and others financially interested in a no open source outcome

TM’s can help tear aware the governmental and corporate veil over these “consultations.”

What you will find are people who are profiting or intend to do so from their opposition to open source software.

Their choice, but they should be forced to declare their allegiance to seek personal profit over public good.

I first saw this at: EU Experiences Setback in Open Source.

December 26, 2012

New EU Data Portal [Transparency/Innovation?]

Filed under: Data,Data Source,EU,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 2:30 pm

EU Commission unwraps public beta of open data portal with 5800+ datasets, ahead of Jan 2013 launch by Robin Wauters.

The EU Data Portal.

From the post:

Good news for open data lovers in the European Union and beyond: the European Commission on Christmas Eve quietly pushed live the public beta version of its all-new open data portal.

For the record: open data is general information that can be freely used, re-used and redistributed by anyone. In this case, it concerns all the information that public bodies in the European Union produce, collect or pay for (it’s similar to the United States government’s Data.gov).

This could include geographical data, statistics, meteorological data, data from publicly funded research projects, and digitised books from libraries.

The post always quotes the portal website as saying:

This portal is about transparency, open government and innovation. The European Commission Data Portal provides access to open public data from the European Commission. It also provides access to data of other Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies at their request.

The published data can be downloaded by everyone interested to facilitate reuse, linking and the creation of innovative services. Moreover, this Data Portal promotes and builds literacy around Europe’s data.

Eurostat is the largest data contributor so signs of “transparency” should be there, if anywhere.

The first twenty (20) data sets from Eurostat are:

  • Quarterly cross-trade road freight transport by type of transport (1 000 t, Mio Tkm)
  • Turnover by residence of client and by employment size class for div 72 and 74
  • Generation of waste by sector
  • Standardised incidence rate of accidents at work by economic activity, severity and age
  • At-risk-of-poverty rate of older people, by age and sex (Source: SILC)
  • Telecommunication services: Access to networks (1 000)
  • Production of environmentally harmful chemicals, by environmental impact class
  • Fertility indicators
  • Area under wine-grape vine varieties broken down by vine variety, age of the vines and NUTS 2 regions – Romania
  • Severe material deprivation rate by most frequent activity status (population aged 18 and over)
  • Government bond yields, 10 years’ maturity – monthly data
  • Material deprivation for the ‘Economic strain’ and ‘Durables’ dimensions, by number of item (Source: SILC)
  • Participation in non-formal taught activities within (or not) paid hours by sex and working status
  • Number of persons by working status within households and household composition (1 000)
  • Percentage of all enterprises providing CVT courses, by type of course and size class
  • EU Imports from developing countries by income group
  • Extra-EU imports of feedingstuffs: main EU partners
  • Production and international trade of foodstuffs: Fresh fish and fish products
  • General information about the enterprises
  • Agricultural holders

When I think of government “transparency,” I think of:

  • Who is making the decisions?
  • What are their relationships to the people asking for the decisions? School, party, family, social, etc.
  • What benefits are derived from the decisions?
  • Who benefits from those decisions?
  • What are the relationships between those who benefit and those who decide?
  • Remembering it isn’t the “EU” that makes a decision for good or ill for you.

    Some named individual or group of named individuals, with input from other named individuals, with who they had prior relationships, made those decisions.

    Transparency in government would name the names and relationships of those individuals.

    BTW, I would be very interested to learn what sort of “innovation” you can derive from any of the first twenty (20) data sets listed above.

    The holidays may have exhausted my imagination because I am coming up empty.

    November 29, 2012

    Using Graphs to Analyse Public Spending on International Development

    Filed under: Neo4j,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 6:07 pm

    Using Graphs to Analyse Public Spending on International Development by James Hughes.

    From the description:

    James has been working on a really interesting project for the Department for International Development (DfID, http://www.dfid.gov.uk/), a UK government agency working on providing transparency around the ways that aid money gets spent on different development projects. He has been working on a web application that is providing a frontend + API access for people to interrogate a very detailed data format that details how Countries, Regions, Organisations, Activites, Budgets are related. During his talk, he will be explaining the history of the project, the reasons for moving from a MySQL backend to Neo4j, the benefits and problems that he faced in his experience along the way.

    I would wait for the open source software to appear.

    If you already know Neo4j, no extra information. If you don’t know Neo4j, no enough information to be useful.

    FYI, “transparency” isn’t achieved using a normalized reporting system like IATI. Otherwise, self-reporting tax systems would have no tax evasion. Yes?

    If you want useful transparency, it does not involve self-reporting and you have access to third parties who can verified reported transactions.

    Slide deck here.

    October 22, 2012

    Accountability = “unintended consequences”? [Benghazai Cables]

    Filed under: Government,Government Data,Topic Maps,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 1:43 pm

    House Oversight Committee Chairman Darrell Issa (R- Calif.), is reported by the Huffington Post to have released “sensitive but unclassified” State Department cables that contained the names of Libyans working within the United States. (Benghazi Consulate Attack: Darrell Issa Releases Raw Libya Cables, Obama Administration Cries Foul)

    Acrobat Reader says there are 121 pages in:

    State Department Cables – Benghzai, Libya (created last Friday morning)

    Not sure what that means.

    What the State Department means by “unintended consequences?”

    Do they mean…

    • Liyan or U.S. nationals may be held accountable for crimes in the U.S. or other countries?
    • consequences for Libyans who are working against the interest of their fellow Libyans?
    • consequences for Libyans who are favoring their friends and families in Libya, at the expense of other Libyans?
    • consequences for Libyans currying favor with the U.S. State Department?

    If there are “unintended consequences,” it may be they are being held accountable for their actions.

    Being held accountable is probably the reason the State Department shuns transparency.

    Both for themselves and others.

    Would mapping the Benghazai cables bring the House Oversight Committee closer to holding someone accountable for that attack?

    October 9, 2012

    “The treacherous are ever distrustful…” (Gandalf to Saruman at Orthanc)

    Filed under: Business Intelligence,Marketing,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 12:29 pm

    Andrew Gelman’s post: Ethical standards in different data communities reminded me of this quote from The Two Towers (Lord of the Rings, Book II, J.R.R. Tolkien).

    Andrew reports on a widely repeated claim by a former associate of a habitual criminal offender enterprise that recent government statistics were “cooked” to help President Obama in his re-election campaign.

    After examining motives for “cooking” data and actual instances of data being “cooked” (by the habitual criminal offender enterprise), Andrew remarks:

    One reason this interests me is the connection to ethics in the scientific literature. Jack Welch has experience in data manipulation and so, when he sees a number he doesn’t like, he suspects it’s been manipulated.

    The problem is that anyone searching for this accusation or further information about the former associate or the habitual criminal offender enterprise, is unlike to encounter GE: Decades of Misdeeds and Wrongdoing.

    Everywhere the GE stock ticker appears, there should be a link to: GE Corporate Criminal History. With links to the original documents, including pleas, fines, individuals, etc. Under whatever name or guise the activity was conducted.

    This isn’t an anti-corruption rant. People in other criminal offender enterprises should be able to judge for themselves the trustworthiness of their individual counter-parts in other enterprises.

    Although, someone willing to cheat the government is certainly ready to cheat you.

    Topic maps can deliver that level of transparency.

    Or not, if you the sort with a “cheating heart.”

    April 20, 2012

    Standardizing Federal Transparency

    Filed under: Government Data,Identity,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 6:24 pm

    Standardizing Federal Transparency

    From the post:

    A new federal data transparency coalition is pushing for standardization of government documents and support for legislation on public records disclosures, taxpayer spending and business identification codes.

    The Data Transparency Coalition announced its official launch Monday, vowing nonpartisan work with Congress and the Executive Branch on ventures toward digital publishing of government documents in a standardized and integrated formats. As part of that effort, the coalition expressed its support of legislative proposals such as: the Digital Accountability and Transparency Act, which would open public spending records published on a single digital format; the Public Information Online Act, which pushes for all records to be released digitally in a machine-readable format; and the Legal Entity Identifier proposal, creating a standard ID code for companies.

    The 14 founding members include vendors Microsoft, Teradata, MarkLogic, Rivet Software, Level One Technologies and Synteractive, as well as the Maryland Association of CPAs, financial advisory BrightScope, and data mining and pattern discovery consultancy Elder Research. The coalition board of advisors includes former U.S. Deputy CTO Beth Noveck, data and information services investment firm partner Eric Gillespie and former Recovery Accountability and Transparency Board Chairman Earl E. Devaney.

    Data Transparency Coalition Executive Director Hudson Hollister, a former counsel for the House of Representatives and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, noted that when the federal government does electronically publish public documents it “often fails to adopt consistent machine-readable identifiers or uniform markup languages.”

    Sounds like an opportunity for both the markup and semantic identity communities, topic maps in particular.

    Reasoning not only will there need to be mappings between vocabularies and entities but also between “uniform markup languages” as they evolve and develop.

    March 24, 2012

    GovTrack (US) – Update

    Filed under: Government,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 7:35 pm

    GovTrack (US) (site improvements)

    The GovTrack site has undergone some major modifications.

    If you are interested in tracking legislation in the U.S. Congress, this is the site for you.

    March 17, 2012

    Every open spending data site in the US ranked and listed

    Filed under: Government Data,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 8:19 pm

    Every open spending data site in the US ranked and listed

    Lisa Evans (Guardian, UK) writes:

    The Follow the Money 2012 report has this week revealed the good news that more US states are being open about their public spending by publishing their transactions on their websites. It has also exposed the states of Arkansas, Idaho, Iowa, Montana and Wyoming that are keeping their finances behind a password protected wall or are just not publishing at all.

    A network of US Public Interest Research Groups (US PIRGs) which produced the report, revealed that 46 states now “allow residents to access checkbook-level information about government expenditures online”.

    The checkbook means a digital copy of who receives state money, how much, and for what purpose. Perhaps to make sense of this ‘checkbook’ concept it’s useful to compare US and UK public finance transparency.

    A lot of data to be sure and far more than was available as little as ten (10) years ago.

    It is “checkbook-level” type information but that is only a starting point for transparency.

    Citizens can spot double billing/payments or “odd” billing/payments but that isn’t transparency. Or rather it is transparency of a sort but not its full potential.

    For example, if your local government is spending in its IT budget over $300,000 a year for GIS services and you see the monthly billings and payments are all correct and proper. What you are missing is that local developers, who have long standing relationships with elected officials benefit from the GIS services for planning new developments. The public doesn’t benefit from the construction of new developments, which places strain on existing infrastructure for the benefit if the very few.

    To develop that level of transparency you would need electronic records of campaign support, government phone records, property records, visitor logs, and other data. And quite possibly a topic map to make sense of it all. Interesting to think about.

    February 22, 2012

    Look But Don’t Touch

    Filed under: Data,Geographic Data,Government Data,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 4:48 pm

    I would describe the Atlanta GIS Data Catalog as a Look But Don’t Touch system. A contrast to the efforts of DC at transparency.

    From the webpage:

    GIS Data Catalog

    Atlanta GIS creates and maintains many GIS data sets (also known as” layers” because of the way they are layered one on top another to create a map) and collects others from external sources, mostly other government agencies. Each layer represents some class of geographic feature. The features represented can be physical, such as roads, buildings and streams, or they can be conceptual, such as neighbor boundaries, property lines and the locations of crimes.

    The GIS Data Catalog is an on-line compilation of information on GIS layers used by the CIty. The catalog allows you to quickly locate GIS data by searching by keyword. You can also view metadata for each data layer in the catalog. All data in the catalog represent the best and most current GIS data maintained or used by the city. The city’s GIS metadata is maintained in conformance with a standard defined by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) .

    The data layers themselves are not available for download from the catalog. Data can be requested by contacting the originating department or agency. More specific contact information is available within the metadata for many data layers. (emphasis added)

    I am sure most agencies would supply the data on request, but why require the request?

    To add a request processing position to the agency payroll and to have procedures for processing requests, along with meetings on request granting, plus an appeals process if the request is rejected, with record keeping for all of the foregoing plus more?

    That doesn’t sound like transparent government or effective use of tax dollars to me.

    District of Columbia – Data Catalog

    Filed under: Data,Government Data,Open Data,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 4:48 pm

    District of Columbia – Data Catalog

    This is an example of a city moving towards transparency.

    A large number of data sets to access (485 as of today), with live feeds to some data streams.

    February 10, 2012

    Tauberer on Open Legislative Data

    Filed under: Legal Informatics,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 4:07 pm

    Tauberer on Open Legislative Data

    From the post:

    Dr. Joshua Tauberer of GovTrack and POPVOX has posted his House Legislative Data and Transparency Conference presentation, entitled “Data Impact and Understandability”: click here for the text; click here for the slides.

    See the post for more resources from the conference and other materials.

    February 5, 2012

    …House Legislative Data and Transparency Conference

    Filed under: Government Data,Legal Informatics,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 8:05 pm

    Video and Other Resources Available for House Legislative Data and Transparency Conference

    From the post:

    Video is now available for the House Legislative Data and Transparency Conference, held 2 February 2012, in Washington, DC. The conference was hosted by the U.S. House of Representatives’ Committee on House Administration.

    Click here for slides from some of the presentations (scroll down).

    The Twitter hashtag for the conference was #ldtc.

    Presentations concerned metadata and dissemination standards and practices for U.S. federal legislative data, including open government data standards, XML markup, integrating multimedia resources into legislative data, and standards for evaluating the transparency of U.S. federal legislative data.

    Interesting source of information on legislative data.

    January 16, 2012

    Legislation Identity Issues

    Filed under: Government,Government Data,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 2:41 pm

    After posting House Launches Transparency Portal I started to think about all the identity issues that such a resource raises. None of them new but with greater access to the stuff of legislation, the more those issues come to the fore.

    The easy ones are going to be identify the bills themselves, what parts of the U.S. Code they modify, legislative history (in terms of amendments), etc. And the current legislation can be tracked, etc.

    Legislation identifies the subject matter to which it applies, what the rules on the subject are to become, and a host of other details.

    But more than that, legislation, indirectly, identifies who will benefit from the legislation and who will bear the costs of it. Not identified in the sense that we think of social security numbers, addresses or geographic location, but just as certainly identification.

    For example, what if a bill in Congress says that it applies to all cities with more than two million inhabitants. (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston – largest to smallest) Sound fair on the face of it but only four cities in four different states are going to benefit from it.

    Another set of identity issues will be who wrote the legislation. Oh, err, members of Congress are “credited” with writing bills but it is my understanding that is a polite fiction. Bills are written by specialists in legislative writing. Some work for the government, some for lobbyists, some for other interest groups, etc.

    It would make a very interesting subject identity project to use authorship techniques to try to identify when Covington & Burling LLP, Arnold & Porter LLP, Monsanto, or the hand of the ACLU can be detected in legislation.

    Whether you identify the “actual” author of a bill or not, there is also the question of the identity of who paid for the legislation?

    All of these “identity” issues and others have always existed with regard to legislation, regulations, executive orders, etc., but making bills available electronically may change how those issues are approached.

    Not a plan of action but just imagine say a number people are interested enough in a particular bill to loosely organize and produce an annotated version that ties it to existing laws and probable sources of the bill and who it benefits. Other people, perhaps specialists in campaign finances or even local politics for an area, could further the analysis started by others.

    I have been told that political blogging works that way, unlike the conventional news services that horde information and therefore only offer partial coverage of any event.

    Whatever semantic technology that is used to produce annotations, RDF, linked data, topic maps (my favorite), you are still going to face complex identity issues with legislation.

    Suggestions on possible approaches or interfaces?

    January 15, 2012

    House Launches Transparency Portal

    Filed under: Government,Government Data,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 9:19 pm

    House Launches Transparency Portal by Daniel Schuman.

    From the post:

    Making good on part of the House of Representative’s commitment to increase congressional transparency, today the House Clerk’s office launched http://docs.house.gov/, a one stop website where the public can access all House bills, amendments, resolutions for floor consideration, and conference reports in XML, as well as information on floor proceedings and more. Information will ultimately be published online in real time and archived for perpetuity.

    The Clerk is hosting the site, and the information will primarily come from the leadership, the Committee on House Administration, the Rules Committee, and the Clerk’s office. The project has been driven by House Republican leaders as part of an push for transparency. Important milestones include the adoption of the new House Rules in January 2011 that gave the Committee on House Administration the power to establish standards for publishing documents online, an April 2011 letter from the Speaker and Majority Leader to the Clerk calling for better public access to House information, a Committee on House Administration hearing in June 2011 on modernizing information delivery in the House, a December 2011 public meeting on public access to congressional information, and finally the late December adoption of online publication standards.

    Some immediate steps to take:

    • Contact the House Clerk’s office to express your appreciation for their efforts.
    • If you are a US citizen, contact your representatives to express your support for this effort and looking forward to more transparency.
    • Write to your local TV/radio/newspaper to point out this important resource and express your interest. (Keep it real non-technical. Transparency = Good.)
    • Write to your local school board/school, etc., to suggest they could use this as a classroom resource. (Offer to help as well.)
    • Make use of the data and credit your source.
    • Urge others to do the foregoing steps.
      • I have doubts about the transparency efforts but also think we should give credit where credit is due. A lot of people have worked very hard to make this much transparency possible so let’s make the best use of it we can.

    October 29, 2011

    Printer Dots, Pervasive Tracking and the Transparent Society

    Filed under: Pervasive Tracking,Privacy,Transparency — Patrick Durusau @ 7:32 pm

    Printer Dots, Pervasive Tracking and the Transparent Society

    From the post:

    So far in the fingerprinting series, we’ve seen how a variety of objects and physical devices [1, 2, 3, 4], often even supposedly identical ones, can be uniquely fingerprinted. This article is non-technical; it is an opinion on some philosophical questions about tracking and surveillance.

    Here’s a fascinating example of tracking that’s all around you but that you’re probably unaware of:

    Color laser printers and photocopiers print small yellow dots on every page for tracking purposes.

    My source for this is the EFF’s Seth Schoen, who has made his presentation on the subject available.

    If you are tracking the provenance of data in your topic map, does that mean that you are also tracking the users who submitted it?

    And is that tracking “transparent” to the users who are being tracked or only “transparent” to the aggregators of that submitted content?

    Or is that tracking only “transparent” to the sysops who are working one level above the aggregators?

    And at any level, what techniques would you suggest for tracking data, whether transparent or not?

    For that matter, what techniques would you suggest for detecting tracking?

    Ironic that “transparent” government may require that some (all?) of its citizens and their transactions be “transparent” as well. How else to track the web of influence of lobbyists of various sorts if their transactions are not “transparent?” Which then means their employers will need to be “transparent.” Along with the objects of their largesse and attention. And the web of actors just keeps spreading out.

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